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Events During the Week of April 25th through May 2nd, 2021

Monday, April 26th, 2021

Plasma Physics (Physics/ECE/NE 922) Seminar
Auroral Reconstruction CubeSwarm – ARCS: a Heliophysics mission concept for decoding the aurora
Time: 12:00 pm
Place: Zoom Meeting
Speaker: K A Lynch, Dartmouth College Physics and Astronomy, for the ARCS team
Abstract: The ARCS mission goal is decode the aurora by exploring the relationship between the visible aurora and distributed currents and flow fields, to unlock critical physics of the auroral ionosphere at mesoscales. The ARCS swarm produces low-resource observations for system science enabling progress toward the “Diversified and Distributed Sensor Deployment Strategy” envisioned in the NAS Decadal Appendix C. 32 satellites in 8 planes with repeat ground tracks will cross over 32 groundbased observatory sites in Alaska. The orbits are sun-synchronous at 561 km altitude and 97 degree inclination. The 32 GBO sites contain filtered imagery for the creation of maps of precipitation average energy and energy flux; they also contain transmitters for a local TEC network, to work with receivers on the spacecraft.

ARCS generates novel, high fidelity, two-dimensional electric and magnetic field maps from an in situ CubeSwarm in concert with dense ionospheric tomography and ground-based multispectral auroral imaging. The final link in the fundamental global magnetic convection cycle is reflected in, and possibly governed by, these fields and associated aurora. Mesoscale flows, currents, and auroral structures represent significant ionospheric energy inputs at auroral latitudes, creating a variety of geophysically important responses and space weather impacts. These are fundamental processes occurring at magnetized planets and moons with ionospheres.
ARCS is a next-generation mission consisting of the first-ever swarm of NASA science-grade CubeSats coupled with a dense grid of custom, ground-based observatories. The ARCS science objectives are: (1) map the 2D mesoscale structure and temporal evolution of plasma flows and currents in the auroral iononosphere; (2) determine how these 2D maps of plasma flows and currents self-consistently evolve in conjunction with auroral ionospheric density responses; (3) determine the roles of the physical mechanisms regulating the relationships between the flows, currents, auroral forms and precipitation in the auroral ionospheric system.



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Plasma Theory Seminar
NO SEMINAR
Time: 4:00 pm
Abstract: ON HIATUS
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Tuesday, April 27th, 2021

Thesis Defense
Heterostructure Modifications, Fabrication Improvements, and Measurement Automation of Si/SiGe Quantum Dots for Quantum Computation
Time: 9:00 am
Place:
Speaker: Thomas McJunkin, Physics PhD Graduate Student
Abstract: Quantum computing -- leveraging quantum phenomena to perform complex and intractable computational problems -- has rapidly progressed from a theoretical aspiration to a near reality. Currently, there are many competing approaches to the way the physical qubits (quantum bits) are built, from trapped ions, to superconducting circuits, to semiconductor quantum dots, and beyond. Here, we focus on quantum dots, where electrons or holes are confined within a semiconductor and the quantized nature of charge and spin are utilized for computation. Within the field of quantum dots, heterostructures made of silicon and silicon germanium are especially enticing due to their low density of defects and nuclear spin. Although quantum dots are a promising avenue for quantum computation because of their intrinsically small size and similarity to classical transistors, nearly every aspect of their design, realization, and control has yet to be fully optimized. This thesis explores modifications to the heterostructure, fabrication, and measurement of Si/SiGe quantum dots in the pursuit of improved quantum dot qubits. The valley splitting in silicon quantum dots, a near degeneracy of the lowest lying energy states, is critical to the formation and performance of silicon qubits. In this work, we present several modifications to the Si/SiGe heterostructure in an effort to enhance this splitting. In particular, we investigate the effects of introducing germanium to the silicon quantum well by the inclusion of a single spike in germanium concentration or an oscillatory concentration throughout the well. We present experimental measurements of the energy spectrum in both modifications and, coupled with theoretical support, claim enhancements to the valley splitting. Next, we present several fabrication techniques with the goal of improved quantum dot functionality and lowered charge noise, a major barrier to higher quality devices. We report a new strategy for etched palladium fabrication and discuss the current progress. Finally, we present work towards the automation of quantum dot tuning. As quantum dot devices increase in the number of qubits, so do the number of electrostatic gates which control the device. We discuss the development of automated tuning procedures and present a routine for the formation of well-controlled quantum dots from the initial voltage settings. Join Zoom Meeting Meeting ID: 960 5048 6034 Passcode: qubits
Host: Mark Eriksson, Faculty Advisor
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Institute for Nuclear Energy Systems (INES) Colloquium
Multiphysics analysis of fusion nuclear systems with the MOOSE framework
Time: 12:00 pm
Place: Zoom Meeting
Speaker: Dr. Paul Humrickhouse, leads the Fusion Safety Program at Idaho National Laboratory
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Network in Neutrinos, Nuclear Astrophysics, and Symmetries (N3AS) Seminar
Axion Production in Magnetars
Time: 2:00 pm
Place:
Speaker: Steven Harris, INT-U. Washington
Abstract: The dense core of a neutron star may provide an ideal environment for the production of axions. Axions created in the core via nucleon bremsstrahlung processes would escape the neutron star and, with some conversion efficiency, turn into photons in the magnetosphere. The large external magnetic field of a magnetar enhances the conversion probability, making magnetars a particularly strong source of axion-induced photons. I will review the mechanisms of axion production in dense nuclear matter and calculate the energy spectrum of the photons coming from axion-photon conversion. This spectrum is compared to observed hard X-ray spectra from several magnetars in the McGill magnetar catalog to put limits on the product of the axion couplings to nucleons and photons as a function of the magnetar core
Host: Baha Balantekin
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Thesis Defense
The Role of Chaos and Magnetic Fields in the Cosmic Ray Anisotropy
Time: 3:00 pm
Place:
Speaker: Vanessa Lopez Barquero , Physics PhD Graduate Student
Abstract: Join Zoom Meeting Meeting ID: 987 7553 0388 Passcode: 434580
Host: Francis Halzen, Faculty Advisor
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Wednesday, April 28th, 2021

Department Meeting
Time: 12:15 pm - 1:15 pm
Place: Virtual see "abstract" for connection info
Speaker: Sridhara Dasu, Department Chair
AIMEE N LEFKOW is inviting you to a scheduled Zoom meeting.

Topic: Department Meeting
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Meeting ID: 924 9932 5588
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Host: Sridhara Dasu
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Thursday, April 29th, 2021

Cosmology Journal Club
Time: 12:00 pm - 1:00 pm
Abstract: Each week, we start with a couple scheduled 15 minute talks about one's research, or an arXiv paper. The last 30 minutes will typically be open to the group for anyone to discuss an arXiv paper.

All are welcome and all fields of cosmology are appropriate.

Contact Ross Cawthon, cawthon@wisc, for more information.

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Meeting ID: 93592708053, passcode: cmbadger

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NPAC (Nuclear/Particle/Astro/Cosmo) Forum
Searching for new physics during gravitational waves propagation
Time: 2:30 pm
Place: online
Speaker: Leïla Haegel, Postdoctoral fellow at University of Paris & Swiss National Science Foundation
Abstract: The direct detection of gravitational waves by the LIGO-Virgo collaboration in 2015 opened a new channel to probe the existence of new physics. The existence of new fields are predicted in several alternative theories of gravitation, including low-energy effects of a possible quantum theory of gravity. The presence of such fields can induce a dispersion of the gravitational radiation, impacting its morphology and the apparent distance of the source. This talk reviews several constraints on new physics during the propagation of gravitational waves, including massive gravity, multi messenger signals and derivations in the Standard Model Extension effective field theory. Join Zoom Meeting Meeting ID: 944 8467 4148 Passcode: 016617 One tap mobile +13126266799,,94484674148#,,,,*016617# US (Chicago) +19292056099,,94484674148#,,,,*016617# US (New York)
Host: Tianlu Yuan
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Astronomy Colloquium
Dust in galaxies: extinction, attenuation and emission
Time: 3:30 pm - 5:00 pm
Place: Virtual Zoom meeting - See Abstract, Coffee and Tea 3:30pm, Talk begins 3:45 PM
Speaker: Samir Salim, Indiana University
Abstract: I will review some recent results regarding the effect of the cosmic dust on the light we receive from galaxies. I will specifically discuss how the dust attenuation laws in galaxies are much more diverse than previously thought, emphasizing the need to try to understand the root causes of this diversity, especially since the incorrect assumptions about the dust properties result in systematic and random errors in the derivation of galaxy properties. I will also highlight that the complete understanding of the more complex question of dust attenuation is predicated on resolving some fundamental puzzles regarding the more basic phenomenon of dust extinction. I will also present some new results regarding the dust emission in the IR in the context of the upcoming JWST launch. Zoom Link:

Host: Snezana Stanimirovic
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Friday, April 30th, 2021

Academic Calendar
Last class day
Abstract: *Note: actual end time may vary.*
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Department Coffee Hour
Department Coffee Hour (Virtual)
Time: 3:30 pm - 4:30 pm
Place: Virtual (see abstract for connection info)
Abstract: Topic: Department Coffee Hour
Time: Jan 29, 2021 03:30 PM Central Time (US and Canada)
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207.226.132.110 (Japan)
Meeting ID: 979 8528 1970
Passcode: 309601


Host: Climate and Diversity Committee
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Saturday, May 1st, 2021

Academic Calendar
Study day
Abstract: *Note: actual end time may vary.*
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